RASHTRIYA UCCHATAR SHIKSHA ABHIYAN (RUSA)

Higher Education becomes a major concern in India since independence. Enormous steps have been taken to revitalize the higher education system. But still it confronts with several challenges. Among them enrolment ratio is one of the major challenges. Even though several programmes and policies have been launched, the present Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education, in relation to population in 18-23 years age group, is about 12.4 percentages. With an aim to increase the intake capacity in the existing and emerging higher education institutions, Government of India proposed a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme to set up a Model Degree College in each of the 374 Educationally Backward districts in India, identified by a committee headed by Prof. S.P Thyagarajan, former Vice Chancellor, University of Madras. But this scheme is not yet implemented due to the further changes proposed in the 12th Five Year Plan.
            Concerned over the low enrollment ratio in higher education, in the 12th Five Year Plan, Government of India proposes a new scheme called Rashtriya Ucchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA), to incentivize states to improve higher education. This scheme will subsume the above mentioned scheme of setting up of Model Degree Colleges in the educationally backward districts. The chief objective of RUSA is to achieve Gross Enrollment Ratio of 30% in higher education by 2020. Other objectives of RUSA are:
v  Expand the higher education system by creating additional capacity in existing institutions and establish new institutions. This will in turn provide more accessibility to higher education all over India especially in the backward states. By creating additional capacity in the existing institutions more courses including job oriented courses can be offered. It would be a good venture for quality assurance and excellence in higher education.
v  Provide opportunities of higher education to socially deprived communities and remove disparities by promoting inclusion of women, minorities, Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes and differently abled persons in the field of higher education.  The long term urge for providing higher education to socially deprived communities can be met with this scheme. In India social disparity can be visible in almost every field. Education is one of such fields. Various programmes were already launched to confront this problem. This new scheme would definitely contribute to remove disparity in the educational field.
v  Set up institutions in un-served and under-served areas. By setting institutions in these areas education would be accessible to all. The long term goal of ‘education for all’ might be materialized through this scheme. By providing education in the un-served and underserved areas, we can bring these areas to the forefront of social life.
v  Ensure one degree college within every district. Graduate level education is the essential component of higher education. By ensuring Degree Colleges in every backward district would enable the people to access higher education smoothly.
v  Improve pupil-teacher ratio. Resetting pupil-teacher ratio is one of the key strategic interventions in higher education for ensuring quality. Effective transaction of curriculum would be possible in a small classroom. In a situation where one teacher has to handle lot of students, we cannot assure quality in the teaching – learning process. In the school level it has already been decided to decrease the teacher-pupil ratio.

The programme will be funded in the ratio of 75:25; for special category states, the funding ratio will be 90:10. The balance funds, including recurring cost of the institutions, will be met by the state governments. Land for the institution will be provided free of cost by the state government. Moreover the programme of RUSA would be a fruitful venture for providing accessibility of higher education to all especially those who belong to the vulnerable section of the society. It is such a programme that intends to remove social disparity and try to materialize the aim ‘education for all’.                                                     

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  1. Unknown20 October 2014 at 09:44

    माताको दूध शिशुलाई शिक्षा मातृभाषामा, प्रभाव पर्छ सृस्‍टिलाई प्रकाशको गतिमा।.... यी माथिका हरफ मेघालय शिलोंगका नेपालीभाषी पुस्तक ब्यबसायी श्री बिष्णु गौतमले बिगत ५ वर्ष देखि जोड तोडका साथ प्रचार प्रसार गर्दै आएका छन् । उनले प्रकाशन गरेका पुस्तक, बिजक, लेटर प्याड, पुस्तक सुची जताततै यी हरफ देख्न पाइन्छ । नेपाली, अंग्रेजी, खासी र बंगाली भाषामा लेखिएका यी हरफले मातृभाषाको शक्तिले सृष्टिको रक्षा र यस सुन्दर बहुरंगी विश्व-बाटिकालाइ द्रुत गतिमा सुमुन्नत बनाउन टेवा मिल्ने संदेश दिन्छ ।. जन्मेपछि सम्बाद गर्न सिकेको पहिलो भाषा नै मानिसको मातृभाषा हो । संसारमा ज्ञान, सोच र कल्पनाको बहुरंगी विविधता कायम राख्न पनि मातृभाषालाइ बचाईराख्न र विकास गर्न जरुरि छ । मातृभाषामा दिइने शिक्षाले सम्बन्धित भाषा त्यसको लिपि, जातीय संस्कार र संस्कृतिको विकास तथा समाजमा उत्प्रेरणा र चेतनाको अभिवृद्धि हुन्छ । यदि कुनै भाषा लोप भएर गयो भने त्यस जतिको संस्कृति पनि लोप भएर जान्छ । संस्कृतिक सम्वृद्धिमा सबैभन्दा ठूलो योगदान भाषाको नै हुन्छ । मातृभाषामा दिइने अभिव्यक्ति सबैभन्दा परिपूर्ण र सहज हुन्छ । यदि मातृभाषा सम्पन्न भयनन भने संसारमा धेरै कारोबार हुने सम्पर्क भाषाको अवस्था पनि खोक्रो हुन जानेछ । ससाना हजारौ मातृभाषाका कारणले नै संसारका सम्पर्क भाषा सम्पन्न र हराभरा भएका हुन् । यदि कारोबारी भाषामा लिप्त भएर मातृभाषाको लोप भयो भने ज्ञान बिज्ञानको संसार उराठिलो मरुभूमि जस्तो बन्ने छ । त्यसैले शिक्षा मातृभाषामै हुनु पर्छ । मातृभाषा मानिसको मौलिक ज्ञान, शिप सृजनाको खजाना हो । यस्तो महत्वपूर्ण खजानाको रक्षामा ध्यान नदिएर क्षणिक लाभको निम्ति कारोबारमा चलेका भाषामा मात्र लिप्त हुनु समाजको भविस्य माथि गरेको बेइमानी र बाल अधिकारको हनन हो ।. प्रसिद्ध साहित्यकार रवीन्द्रनाथ टैगोरले भनेका छन्, ‘मातृभाषामा शिक्षा पाउनु मानिसको जन्मसिद्ध अधिकार हो । हामी जसरी आमाको कोखमा जन्मेका हौं त्यसैगरी मातृभाषा पनि हाम्रो कोख हो । यी दुवै आमा हाम्रालागि सधैं सजीव र अपरिहार्य छन् ।’ उनले मातृभाषाको महत्त्वलाई बुझे र बुझाउने कोसिस गरे । प्रसिद्ध राजनीतिज्ञ नेलसन मण्डेलाले भनेका छन्- इफ यू स्पिक टु अ म्यान इन अ ल्याङ्वेज ही अन्डरस्ट्यान्डस, इट गोज् टु हिज माइन्ड बट इफ यू स्पिक इन हिज ल्याङ्वेज इट गोज टु हिज हर्ट । यदि कसैसँग उसले बुझ्ने भाषामा कुरा गर्नुभयो भने त्यो कुरा उसको दिमागमा मात्र पुग्छ । यदि उसको मातृभाषामा भन्नुभयो भने मुटुसम्म पुग्छ । मण्डेलाले मातृभाषाको द्रुत असरलाई प्रस्ट्याए ।. संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघको अध्ययनअनुसार यतिबेला कारोबारमा नचलेका करिब ५३०० मातृभाषा संकटमा परेका छन् । शिक्षामा मातृभाषाको महत्त्वलाई नजरअन्दाज गरेर अबको शिक्षानीति बनाइयो भने सामाजिक र राष्ट्रिय मात्र होइन मानव जातिकै अस्तित्व संकटमा आउन सक्ने स्थिति बन्नेछ । संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघमा सन् १९९९ बाट यस मुद्दाले स्थान पाइसकेको छ । अब यसलाई संसारभरि उपयुक्त कार्यान्वयनको खाँचो छ ।. _____________________________________________________________________________________ सर्व शिक्षा मातृभाषामा नहुनु सुक्षम गतिमा दास हुनु हो | बग्ने पानी पुग्दैन वर्षा नै चाईन्छ, सुसम्पन्न समाज बनाउन सर्व मातृभाषा मा शिक्षा चाईन्छ मनपर्‍योमनपर्‍यो · · Share PMO-Narendra Modiलाई मनपर्‍यो ।

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